This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
It isn’t very often that a potential restoration job is close to home, but last week we were looking at a Mason and Hamlin only a few miles up the road in St Mary’s Church, Ickworth. The Ickworth Church Conservation Trust was set up in 2006 by the present owner, the eighth Marquess of Bristol. The day we visited, the boardings were being removed from the windows and teams of experts in church and stained glass restoration were busy making assessments. An application for a grant from English Heritage will be made in due course. You can read more about the trust here. The accoustics in the church seem remarkable – perhaps a harmonium event will be held there one day!
The church stands in wonderful parkland. Part of Ickworth House is owned by the National Trust and the East Wing is a luxury hotel.
The world has been celebrating John Lennon’s 70th birthday this month. The Beatles used the harmonium on many of their tracks and some years ago a Mustel harmonium played by John Lennon at Abbey Road studios was restored in our workshop. It was built in 1881. A new temporary set of bellows were made to improve the winding and the old bellows retained to be re-installed at a later date.
New bellows
New bellows
Double expression mechanism
Double expression mechanism
Valve board
Percussion dismantled
Tuning
Ralph Downes CBE KSG (1904 – 1993), the organist, organ designer, teacher and musical director, greatly appreciated the Mustel harmonium. The extract below is from his book Baroque Tricks published by Positif Press, Oxford. The Mustel mentioned, which Ralph Downes subsequently owned, has now been fully restored.
“The next event was the purchase, by the Oratory, of a superb Mustel organ, on my recommendation, to replace a small accompanimental organ by the Positive Organ Company (Casson) used for certain services sung by the clergy alone around the Feast of Corpus Christi. The Positive was no longer satisfactory: the Mustel was put on castors so as to be mobile and could be wheeled into the Sanctuary as needed. It will be remembered from the Derby cinema-theatre days that the Mustel had quite remarkable power, and was thus adequate in such a large church; also that I was an expert performer on this complicated instrument. This was a fine vintage model, with two manuals, so that most foundation stops ran right through the compass; the broad-toned ones [Bourdon-Clarinette 16, Cor anglais-Flute 8, Voix celeste 8 on the front soundboard controlled by the lower manual; the ‘fierce’-toned reeds (Baryton 32, Basson 16, Hautbois 8, Clairon-Fifre 4, Harpe Aeolienne 8 played by the upper manual; there was a coupler, two sets of swell-louvres for the ‘back’ reeds, and of course the all-important ‘Expression’ stop — whereby one blows with the feet directly into the reeds without using the reservoir, thus commanding a dynamic range from ppp to fff — in addition to the Mustel ‘Double-expression’ which enabled solo stops to be used without fear of being drowned by the accompaniment from the other reeds. This was all remarkable enough, but as heard in the Oratory acoustics, in such works as the 24 Pieces ‘en style libre’ by Louis Vierne, the French aura was quite overwhelmingly beautiful to the ears of one accustomed to play these pieces on typical English stops: this again was a great break-through of ‘the authentic voice’.”
If you live in a country cottage in Suffolk you must expect to be visited by mice. And if you have a cottage organ, the mice will love to make a nest inside it.

This Dalmaine also suffered from a good deal from woodworm and several keys had to be replaced. All is fine now and it is back in its Suffolk home.
The band Coldplay love the reed organ sound. Their Estey portable folding reed organ needed to be re-pitched to concert pitch before it can face the microphones. This particular model was built in about 1934 and is very well made. A few leaks in the bellows were cured as well, so it’s now ready to face the big time.
This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
It isn’t very often that a potential restoration job is close to home, but last week we were looking at a Mason and Hamlin only a few miles up the road in St Mary’s Church, Ickworth. The Ickworth Church Conservation Trust was set up in 2006 by the present owner, the eighth Marquess of Bristol. The day we visited, the boardings were being removed from the windows and teams of experts in church and stained glass restoration were busy making assessments. An application for a grant from English Heritage will be made in due course. You can read more about the trust here. The accoustics in the church seem remarkable – perhaps a harmonium event will be held there one day!
The church stands in wonderful parkland. Part of Ickworth House is owned by the National Trust and the East Wing is a luxury hotel.
The world has been celebrating John Lennon’s 70th birthday this month. The Beatles used the harmonium on many of their tracks and some years ago a Mustel harmonium played by John Lennon at Abbey Road studios was restored in our workshop. It was built in 1881. A new temporary set of bellows were made to improve the winding and the old bellows retained to be re-installed at a later date.
New bellows
New bellows
Double expression mechanism
Double expression mechanism
Valve board
Percussion dismantled
Tuning
Ralph Downes CBE KSG (1904 – 1993), the organist, organ designer, teacher and musical director, greatly appreciated the Mustel harmonium. The extract below is from his book Baroque Tricks published by Positif Press, Oxford. The Mustel mentioned, which Ralph Downes subsequently owned, has now been fully restored.
“The next event was the purchase, by the Oratory, of a superb Mustel organ, on my recommendation, to replace a small accompanimental organ by the Positive Organ Company (Casson) used for certain services sung by the clergy alone around the Feast of Corpus Christi. The Positive was no longer satisfactory: the Mustel was put on castors so as to be mobile and could be wheeled into the Sanctuary as needed. It will be remembered from the Derby cinema-theatre days that the Mustel had quite remarkable power, and was thus adequate in such a large church; also that I was an expert performer on this complicated instrument. This was a fine vintage model, with two manuals, so that most foundation stops ran right through the compass; the broad-toned ones [Bourdon-Clarinette 16, Cor anglais-Flute 8, Voix celeste 8 on the front soundboard controlled by the lower manual; the ‘fierce’-toned reeds (Baryton 32, Basson 16, Hautbois 8, Clairon-Fifre 4, Harpe Aeolienne 8 played by the upper manual; there was a coupler, two sets of swell-louvres for the ‘back’ reeds, and of course the all-important ‘Expression’ stop — whereby one blows with the feet directly into the reeds without using the reservoir, thus commanding a dynamic range from ppp to fff — in addition to the Mustel ‘Double-expression’ which enabled solo stops to be used without fear of being drowned by the accompaniment from the other reeds. This was all remarkable enough, but as heard in the Oratory acoustics, in such works as the 24 Pieces ‘en style libre’ by Louis Vierne, the French aura was quite overwhelmingly beautiful to the ears of one accustomed to play these pieces on typical English stops: this again was a great break-through of ‘the authentic voice’.”
If you live in a country cottage in Suffolk you must expect to be visited by mice. And if you have a cottage organ, the mice will love to make a nest inside it.

This Dalmaine also suffered from a good deal from woodworm and several keys had to be replaced. All is fine now and it is back in its Suffolk home.
The band Coldplay love the reed organ sound. Their Estey portable folding reed organ needed to be re-pitched to concert pitch before it can face the microphones. This particular model was built in about 1934 and is very well made. A few leaks in the bellows were cured as well, so it’s now ready to face the big time.
This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
It isn’t very often that a potential restoration job is close to home, but last week we were looking at a Mason and Hamlin only a few miles up the road in St Mary’s Church, Ickworth. The Ickworth Church Conservation Trust was set up in 2006 by the present owner, the eighth Marquess of Bristol. The day we visited, the boardings were being removed from the windows and teams of experts in church and stained glass restoration were busy making assessments. An application for a grant from English Heritage will be made in due course. You can read more about the trust here. The accoustics in the church seem remarkable – perhaps a harmonium event will be held there one day!
The church stands in wonderful parkland. Part of Ickworth House is owned by the National Trust and the East Wing is a luxury hotel.
The world has been celebrating John Lennon’s 70th birthday this month. The Beatles used the harmonium on many of their tracks and some years ago a Mustel harmonium played by John Lennon at Abbey Road studios was restored in our workshop. It was built in 1881. A new temporary set of bellows were made to improve the winding and the old bellows retained to be re-installed at a later date.
New bellows
New bellows
Double expression mechanism
Double expression mechanism
Valve board
Percussion dismantled
Tuning
Ralph Downes CBE KSG (1904 – 1993), the organist, organ designer, teacher and musical director, greatly appreciated the Mustel harmonium. The extract below is from his book Baroque Tricks published by Positif Press, Oxford. The Mustel mentioned, which Ralph Downes subsequently owned, has now been fully restored.
“The next event was the purchase, by the Oratory, of a superb Mustel organ, on my recommendation, to replace a small accompanimental organ by the Positive Organ Company (Casson) used for certain services sung by the clergy alone around the Feast of Corpus Christi. The Positive was no longer satisfactory: the Mustel was put on castors so as to be mobile and could be wheeled into the Sanctuary as needed. It will be remembered from the Derby cinema-theatre days that the Mustel had quite remarkable power, and was thus adequate in such a large church; also that I was an expert performer on this complicated instrument. This was a fine vintage model, with two manuals, so that most foundation stops ran right through the compass; the broad-toned ones [Bourdon-Clarinette 16, Cor anglais-Flute 8, Voix celeste 8 on the front soundboard controlled by the lower manual; the ‘fierce’-toned reeds (Baryton 32, Basson 16, Hautbois 8, Clairon-Fifre 4, Harpe Aeolienne 8 played by the upper manual; there was a coupler, two sets of swell-louvres for the ‘back’ reeds, and of course the all-important ‘Expression’ stop — whereby one blows with the feet directly into the reeds without using the reservoir, thus commanding a dynamic range from ppp to fff — in addition to the Mustel ‘Double-expression’ which enabled solo stops to be used without fear of being drowned by the accompaniment from the other reeds. This was all remarkable enough, but as heard in the Oratory acoustics, in such works as the 24 Pieces ‘en style libre’ by Louis Vierne, the French aura was quite overwhelmingly beautiful to the ears of one accustomed to play these pieces on typical English stops: this again was a great break-through of ‘the authentic voice’.”
If you live in a country cottage in Suffolk you must expect to be visited by mice. And if you have a cottage organ, the mice will love to make a nest inside it.

This Dalmaine also suffered from a good deal from woodworm and several keys had to be replaced. All is fine now and it is back in its Suffolk home.
The band Coldplay love the reed organ sound. Their Estey portable folding reed organ needed to be re-pitched to concert pitch before it can face the microphones. This particular model was built in about 1934 and is very well made. A few leaks in the bellows were cured as well, so it’s now ready to face the big time.
This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
It isn’t very often that a potential restoration job is close to home, but last week we were looking at a Mason and Hamlin only a few miles up the road in St Mary’s Church, Ickworth. The Ickworth Church Conservation Trust was set up in 2006 by the present owner, the eighth Marquess of Bristol. The day we visited, the boardings were being removed from the windows and teams of experts in church and stained glass restoration were busy making assessments. An application for a grant from English Heritage will be made in due course. You can read more about the trust here. The accoustics in the church seem remarkable – perhaps a harmonium event will be held there one day!
The church stands in wonderful parkland. Part of Ickworth House is owned by the National Trust and the East Wing is a luxury hotel.
The world has been celebrating John Lennon’s 70th birthday this month. The Beatles used the harmonium on many of their tracks and some years ago a Mustel harmonium played by John Lennon at Abbey Road studios was restored in our workshop. It was built in 1881. A new temporary set of bellows were made to improve the winding and the old bellows retained to be re-installed at a later date.
New bellows
New bellows
Double expression mechanism
Double expression mechanism
Valve board
Percussion dismantled
Tuning
Ralph Downes CBE KSG (1904 – 1993), the organist, organ designer, teacher and musical director, greatly appreciated the Mustel harmonium. The extract below is from his book Baroque Tricks published by Positif Press, Oxford. The Mustel mentioned, which Ralph Downes subsequently owned, has now been fully restored.
“The next event was the purchase, by the Oratory, of a superb Mustel organ, on my recommendation, to replace a small accompanimental organ by the Positive Organ Company (Casson) used for certain services sung by the clergy alone around the Feast of Corpus Christi. The Positive was no longer satisfactory: the Mustel was put on castors so as to be mobile and could be wheeled into the Sanctuary as needed. It will be remembered from the Derby cinema-theatre days that the Mustel had quite remarkable power, and was thus adequate in such a large church; also that I was an expert performer on this complicated instrument. This was a fine vintage model, with two manuals, so that most foundation stops ran right through the compass; the broad-toned ones [Bourdon-Clarinette 16, Cor anglais-Flute 8, Voix celeste 8 on the front soundboard controlled by the lower manual; the ‘fierce’-toned reeds (Baryton 32, Basson 16, Hautbois 8, Clairon-Fifre 4, Harpe Aeolienne 8 played by the upper manual; there was a coupler, two sets of swell-louvres for the ‘back’ reeds, and of course the all-important ‘Expression’ stop — whereby one blows with the feet directly into the reeds without using the reservoir, thus commanding a dynamic range from ppp to fff — in addition to the Mustel ‘Double-expression’ which enabled solo stops to be used without fear of being drowned by the accompaniment from the other reeds. This was all remarkable enough, but as heard in the Oratory acoustics, in such works as the 24 Pieces ‘en style libre’ by Louis Vierne, the French aura was quite overwhelmingly beautiful to the ears of one accustomed to play these pieces on typical English stops: this again was a great break-through of ‘the authentic voice’.”
If you live in a country cottage in Suffolk you must expect to be visited by mice. And if you have a cottage organ, the mice will love to make a nest inside it.

This Dalmaine also suffered from a good deal from woodworm and several keys had to be replaced. All is fine now and it is back in its Suffolk home.
The band Coldplay love the reed organ sound. Their Estey portable folding reed organ needed to be re-pitched to concert pitch before it can face the microphones. This particular model was built in about 1934 and is very well made. A few leaks in the bellows were cured as well, so it’s now ready to face the big time.
This is rather a random selection of before and after photos of a recently completed restoration. It shows what can be done to bring back to life an American organ that has been in the owners shed for more than forty years!
It isn’t very often that a potential restoration job is close to home, but last week we were looking at a Mason and Hamlin only a few miles up the road in St Mary’s Church, Ickworth. The Ickworth Church Conservation Trust was set up in 2006 by the present owner, the eighth Marquess of Bristol. The day we visited, the boardings were being removed from the windows and teams of experts in church and stained glass restoration were busy making assessments. An application for a grant from English Heritage will be made in due course. You can read more about the trust here. The accoustics in the church seem remarkable – perhaps a harmonium event will be held there one day!
The church stands in wonderful parkland. Part of Ickworth House is owned by the National Trust and the East Wing is a luxury hotel.
The world has been celebrating John Lennon’s 70th birthday this month. The Beatles used the harmonium on many of their tracks and some years ago a Mustel harmonium played by John Lennon at Abbey Road studios was restored in our workshop. It was built in 1881. A new temporary set of bellows were made to improve the winding and the old bellows retained to be re-installed at a later date.
New bellows
New bellows
Double expression mechanism
Double expression mechanism
Valve board
Percussion dismantled
Tuning
Ralph Downes CBE KSG (1904 – 1993), the organist, organ designer, teacher and musical director, greatly appreciated the Mustel harmonium. The extract below is from his book Baroque Tricks published by Positif Press, Oxford. The Mustel mentioned, which Ralph Downes subsequently owned, has now been fully restored.
“The next event was the purchase, by the Oratory, of a superb Mustel organ, on my recommendation, to replace a small accompanimental organ by the Positive Organ Company (Casson) used for certain services sung by the clergy alone around the Feast of Corpus Christi. The Positive was no longer satisfactory: the Mustel was put on castors so as to be mobile and could be wheeled into the Sanctuary as needed. It will be remembered from the Derby cinema-theatre days that the Mustel had quite remarkable power, and was thus adequate in such a large church; also that I was an expert performer on this complicated instrument. This was a fine vintage model, with two manuals, so that most foundation stops ran right through the compass; the broad-toned ones [Bourdon-Clarinette 16, Cor anglais-Flute 8, Voix celeste 8 on the front soundboard controlled by the lower manual; the ‘fierce’-toned reeds (Baryton 32, Basson 16, Hautbois 8, Clairon-Fifre 4, Harpe Aeolienne 8 played by the upper manual; there was a coupler, two sets of swell-louvres for the ‘back’ reeds, and of course the all-important ‘Expression’ stop — whereby one blows with the feet directly into the reeds without using the reservoir, thus commanding a dynamic range from ppp to fff — in addition to the Mustel ‘Double-expression’ which enabled solo stops to be used without fear of being drowned by the accompaniment from the other reeds. This was all remarkable enough, but as heard in the Oratory acoustics, in such works as the 24 Pieces ‘en style libre’ by Louis Vierne, the French aura was quite overwhelmingly beautiful to the ears of one accustomed to play these pieces on typical English stops: this again was a great break-through of ‘the authentic voice’.”
If you live in a country cottage in Suffolk you must expect to be visited by mice. And if you have a cottage organ, the mice will love to make a nest inside it.

This Dalmaine also suffered from a good deal from woodworm and several keys had to be replaced. All is fine now and it is back in its Suffolk home.
The band Coldplay love the reed organ sound. Their Estey portable folding reed organ needed to be re-pitched to concert pitch before it can face the microphones. This particular model was built in about 1934 and is very well made. A few leaks in the bellows were cured as well, so it’s now ready to face the big time.
In Part 2 we compared some external features of a harmonium, apparently made by the English builder Geo. Luff, with those of some middle-period instruments by the French builder Alexandre Debain. In Part 3 we compare some internal features; again the “English” photos are captioned Luff.
a) Where most builders used sugar-paper, Debain often finished off his bellows with fine white leather (1, 2).
b) The bright, powerful sound of these instruments derives largely from the extremely shallow reed pans (3-5), about half the usual depth, which along with the shallow plinth (see part 1) makes these Debains sit lower on the ground than most other harmoniums. Note also the characteristic strip of fleece under the front pallet-arms and the varnished top surface of the reed pan. Some Alexandres of this period also have the shallow reed pan and bright, powerful tone (6); indeed it is not always easy to distinguish the two makers’ instruments of this period.
c)The undersides of the reed pans have a strong family resemblance, note particularly the large steel “paddle” (arrow), a part of the Expression stop action (7-9). In each instance the reed sequence front to back is 1,2,4,3 so the bright 4′ (set 3) reeds sit directly under the Forte opening for maximum brilliance.
d) Though the upper face of the reed pan is highly finished, the underside of the valve board is more rough and ready (10, 11). The valve hinges are crudely cut from leather scraps and are glued and tacked to the board, while the guide pins (if any) are ordinary steel nails, usually badly corroded from contact with the leather facing of the valve.
e) Lastly, the most important evidence: on the top face of the valve board of the ‘English’ harmonium is the following stamp (12) “A.D fr. Bte du Roi” = Alexandre Debain, facteur, Brevete du Roi. The ‘roi’ is stamped twice: does this mean the French and British monarchs (see medallions in part 1) ? Compare with the stamp found in the same place on a ‘real’ Debain (13) – though only one ‘roi’ here.
